Use the glossary to support students with key terms and help them build confidence in scientific vocabulary as they work through the lessons.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Agriculture | Growing crops and farming animals for food, clothing, etc. |
| Atmosphere | The layer of air surrounding Earth that provides oxygen and protects us from the sun’s harmful rays. |
| Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) | A gas in the air used by plants to make food through photosynthesis. |
| Climate | The weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. |
| Crops | Plants grown on a large scale for food or animal feed. |
| Drought | A long period with little or no rainfall. |
| Environment | The surroundings where living organisms live. |
| Epidermal Cells | Cells on the outer surface of a leaf that protect it. |
| Food Security | Ensuring there is always enough food for everyone. |
| Glucose | A sugar made by plants during photosynthesis. |
| Guard Cells | Special cells that control the opening and closing of stomata, allowing gas exchange and water loss. |
| Mesophyll Cells | Cells that help convert sunlight into energy for the plant. |
| Pathogen | Microorganisms that cause disease. |
| Phloem Cells | Tube-like cells that transport food from the leaves to other parts of the plant. |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose using sunlight. |
| Plant Science | The study of how plants grow and develop. |
| Pollution | Harmful substances in the air, water, or soil. |
| Protocol | A detailed plan outlining steps and measurements in an experiment to ensure accuracy and consistency. |
| Solution | A mixture where one substance dissolves in another. |
| Stomata | Tiny openings on leaves that allow gas exchange. |
| Transpiration | The process of plants releasing water through stomata. |
| Vein | Structures that carry water and nutrients through the plant, similar to blood vessels in animals. |
| Xylem Cells | Tube-like cells that transport water and minerals from the roots to the leaves. |
